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students will learn about the formation, properties, and uses of these fossil fuels.
Can air, water and soil be exhausted by human activities? You have already studied about water in Class VII. Is water a limitless resource? In the light of the availability of various resources in nature, natural resources can be broadly classified into two kinds: (i) Inexhaustible Natural Resources: These resources are present in unlimited quantity in nature and are not likely to be exhausted by human activities. Examples are: sunlight, air. (ii) Exhaustible Natural Resources: The amount of these resources in nature is limited. They can be exhausted by human activities. Examples of these resources are forests, wildlife, minerals, coal, petroleum, natural gas etc.
Can air, water and soil be exhausted by human activities? You have already studied about water in Class VII. Is water a limitless resource? In the light of the availability of various resources in nature, natural resources can be broadly classified into two kinds: (i) Inexhaustible Natural Resources: These resources are present in unlimited quantity in nature and are not likely to be exhausted by human activities. Examples are: sunlight, air. (ii) Exhaustible Natural Resources: The amount of these resources in nature is limited. They can be exhausted by human activities. Examples of these resources are forests, wildlife, minerals, coal, petroleum, natural gas etc.
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Q.1: What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels? Q.2 : Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads. Q.3: Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called? Q.4: a) Name three fossil fuels. b) Name the process of separation of different constituents from petroleum. c) Name the least polluting fuel for vehicle. Q.5. Tick True/False against the following statements. a) Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. (b) CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol. (c) Coke is almost pure form of carbon. (d) Coal tar is a mixture of various substances. e) Kerosene is not a fossil fuel. Q.6. Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources. Q.7.Describe characteristics and uses of coke. Q.8. Explain the process of formation of petroleum. Q. 9. The following Table shows the total power shortage in India from 1991–1997. Show the data in the form of a graph. Plot shortage percentage for the years on the Y-axis and the year on the X-axis. Important Questions/Answers Q. 1. Sunlight and air are inexhaustible natural resources. Comment. Q.2. Write two important uses of coke. Q.3. What steps would you suggest for the judicious use of fossil fuels? Q.4. Explain about coal tar. Q. 5.Where do we get coal and how is it formed? Q. 6. Define the term ‘petrochemicals’. Q.7. Name two products that you obtain from the destructive distillation of coal. What is the residue left in’ this process? Give one main use of this residue. Q.8. Can forests help reduce the pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels? How? Q.9. None of the fuels is clean fuel. Comment. Q. 10. Name some renewable sources of energy. Q.11. Give some examples of fossil fuels. Q.12.Name the elements present in coal. Q.13. Which are the two main techniques of mining? Q.14. List four varieties of coal. Q.15. Name the process of conversion of wood into coal. Q.16. Mention the temperature at which destructive distillation is done. Q. 17. When the crude oil is referred to be ‘sweet’? Q.18.Name the country which is the leading producer of petroleum. Q.19.Name the gas that occurs over petroleum in reservoirs deep inside the earth. Q.20.Expand PCRA. Q.21.Name two fractions of petroleum which are used as fuel. Q.22.What kind of pollution is caused by the burning of fossil fuels? Q.23.Write the full form of LPG. Q.24.Which gas is produced when coal is burnt in air? Q.25.Can we use all our natural resources forever? Q.26.What is the purest form of carbon? Q.27.What is fuel? Q.28. What other source of energy may be used to drive vehicles? Q.29.Name three constituents of petroleum and write their uses also. Q.30. Can forests help reduce the pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels? How? Q.31.Radhey prefers to go to school by pooling car. On other occasions he like to opt for public transport rather than private transport. For short distances, he walks or uses bicycle. (a) What are the benefits of carpooling? (b) Which mean of transport do you think is best for short distances? (c) How on our end we can reduce the consumption of fossil fuels? 29 Important MCQ 31 Important Fill in the Blanks
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Q.1: What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels? Q.2 : Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads. Q.3: Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called? Q.4: a) Name three fossil fuels. b) Name the process of separation of different constituents from petroleum. c) Name the least polluting fuel for vehicle. Q.5. Tick True/False against the following statements. a) Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. (b) CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol. (c) Coke is almost pure form of carbon. (d) Coal tar is a mixture of various substances. e) Kerosene is not a fossil fuel. Q.6. Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources. Q.7.Describe characteristics and uses of coke. Q.8. Explain the process of formation of petroleum. Q. 9. The following Table shows the total power shortage in India from 1991–1997. Show the data in the form of a graph. Plot shortage percentage for the years on the Y-axis and the year on the X-axis.
Q. 1. Sunlight and air are inexhaustible natural resources. Comment. Q.2. Write two important uses of coke. Q.3. What steps would you suggest for the judicious use of fossil fuels? Q.4. Explain about coal tar. Q. 5.Where do we get coal and how is it formed? Q. 6. Define the term ‘petrochemicals’. Q.7. Name two products that you obtain from the destructive distillation of coal. What is the residue left in’ this process? Give one main use of this residue. Q.8. Can forests help reduce the pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels? How? Q.9. None of the fuels is clean fuel. Comment. Q. 10. Name some renewable sources of energy. Q.11. Give some examples of fossil fuels. Q.12.Name the elements present in coal. Q.13. Which are the two main techniques of mining? Q.14. List four varieties of coal. Q.15. Name the process of conversion of wood into coal. Q.16. Mention the temperature at which destructive distillation is done. Q. 17. When the crude oil is referred to be ‘sweet’? Q.18.Name the country which is the leading producer of petroleum. Q.19.Name the gas that occurs over petroleum in reservoirs deep inside the earth. Q.20.Expand PCRA. Q.21.Name two fractions of petroleum which are used as fuel. Q.22.What kind of pollution is caused by the burning of fossil fuels? Q.23.Write the full form of LPG. Q.24.Which gas is produced when coal is burnt in air? Q.25.Can we use all our natural resources forever? Q.26.What is the purest form of carbon? Q.27.What is fuel? Q.28. What other source of energy may be used to drive vehicles? Q.29.Name three constituents of petroleum and write their uses also. Q.30. Can forests help reduce the pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels? How? Q.31.Radhey prefers to go to school by pooling car. On other occasions he like to opt for public transport rather than private transport. For short distances, he walks or uses bicycle. (a) What are the benefits of carpooling? (b) Which mean of transport do you think is best for short distances? (c) How on our end we can reduce the consumption of fossil fuels?
1. Coal is one of the ________ used to cook food. 2. When heated in air, coal burns and produces mainly ________ gas. 3. Coal tar is a black, thick ________ with an ________ smell. 8. All the things that are required to fulfil one’s need are called _______. 9. Anything that burns to produce energy is called a ___________. 10. ___________ is a black-coloured hard substance that mainly contains carbon. 11. The time period taken to complete the process of carbonisation is called ___________. 12.___________ is the most inferior and softest form of coal. 13. The least polluting fuel for vehicle is ___________. 14. The major fossil fuels are ___________ and ___________. 15. The major component of CNG is ___________. 16. Destructive distillation of coal is done at ___________. 17. Petroleum is a mixture of different ___________. 18. ___________ is another name for petroleum. 19. Devices that consume less energy are ______ and __________ lights. 20. Forests are ___________ natural resources. 21. Petra means _______ and oleum means ______. 22. ________ is the leading producer of crude oil. 23. When heated in air, coal burns and produces mainly _________ gas. 24. We should use ___________ instead of individual vehicles. 25. Separation of different constituents of petroleum is called ___________. 26.The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called________. 27. Coal and petroleum are formed from the dead remains of organisms and are known as __________. 28. The black thick liquid with ______ smell is known as coal tar. 29. During the processing of coal to get coke, coal tar and __________ are also obtained. 30. The process of separating the various constituents of petroleum is known as __________. 31. Excessive burning of fossil fuels is a major cause of __________.
Q.1. Various materials which are obtained from nature are called natural resources. Which of the following is not a natural resource? (a) minerals (b) water (c) soil (d) plastic Q. 2. Air is a natural resource and cannot be exhausted by human activities. It is known as inexhaustible natural resource. Which of the following is another inexhaustible natural resource? (a) coal (b) petroleum (c) sun-light (d) minerals Q.3. Fossil fuels are obtained from: (a) remains of non-living materials. (b) dead remains of birds only. (c) dead remains of insects only. (d) dead remains of living organisms. Q.4. Which of the following is a pair of exhaustible natural resources. (a) coal and soil (b) air and sun-light (c) water and petroleum (d) wild life and minerals Q.5. Which substance is formed by the carbonisation of dead vegetation?. (a) coal (b) coke (c) coal gas (d) coal tar Q.6.Coal is processed in industries to get some useful products. Which of the following is not obtained from coal? (a) coke (b) coal tar (c) coal gas (d) CNG Q.7. Coal is formed from the remains of (a) vegetation only (b) animals only (c) both vegetation and animals (d) neither vegetation nor animals Q.8. Which of the following is not a constituent of petroleum? (a) paraffin wax (b) lubricating oil (c) petrol (d) coke Q.9: Exhaustible natural resources are: (a) unlimited in quantity (b) not dependent on nature (c) limited in quantity (d) not exhausted by human activities Q.10. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy? (a) Coal (b) Petroleum (c) Water (d) Natural gas Q.11. Petroleum was formed from organisms: (a) living on the land (b) living on the plants (c) living in the sea (d) living on the rocks Q. 12. Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy? (a) Water (b) Coal (c) Soil (d) Sun Q.13. The word ‘coal’ is derived from the old English term (a) col (b) coke (c) coco (d) none of these Q.14. Plastic is a (a) natural material (b) man-made material (c) both (a) & (b) (d) none of these Q.15. Fossil fuels are (a) coal (b) petroleum (c) natural gas (d) all of these Q.16. Petroleum is also known as (a)coke (b) black gold (c) tar (d) none of these Q.17. The major constituent of natural gas is/are (a) butane (b) methane (c) hydrogen (d) ethane Q.18. Which of the following minerals is present in coal? (a) Hydrogen (b) Oxygen (c) Sulphur (d) All of these Q.19. The process of conversion of wood into coal is called (a) carbonisation (b) catagenesis (c) carboniferous (d) none of these Q.20.How much percentage of carbon is present in bituminous coal? (a) 20 – 25% (b) 25 – 35% (c) 65 – 85% (d) 98% Q.21. The product obtained by destructive distillation of coal is (a) coal tar (b) coke (c) coal gas (d) all of these Q.22. The brown variety of coal is (a) lignite (b) peat (c) anthracite (d) none of these Q.23. Main constituent of LPG is (a) methane (b) butane (c) ethane (d) propane Q. 24. The mining of oil under sea is termed as (a) distillation (b) carbonisation (c) shore mining (d) destructive distillation Q.25. The petroleum product which is not used as fuel is (a) petrol (b) kerosene (c) diesel (d) petroleum jelly Q.26. Naphthalene obtained from coal tar are used as (a) Honey bee repellant (b) Mosquito repellant(c) Snake repellant (d) Moth repellant Q. 27. Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of road. (a) Peat (b) Bitumen (c) Lignite (d) Anthracite 28. Petroleum is separated by using the difference in (a) ignition temperatures (b) melting points (c) freezing points (d) boiling points Q.29. Which is the best type of coal? (a) Lignite (b) Anthracite (c) Bituminous (d) peat
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